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HOW MULTISPECIES INTERCROP ADVANTAGE RESPONDS TO WATER STRESS: A YIELD-COMPONENT ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 416-431 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021412

Abstract:

Absolute yield and land use efficiency can be higher in multicrops. Though this phenomenon is common, it is not always the case. Also, these two benefits are frequently confused and do not necessarily occur together. Cropping choices become more complex when considering that multicrops are subject to strong spatial and temporal variation in average soil moisture, which will worsen with climate change. Intercropping in agroecosystems is expected to buffer this impact by favoring resistance to reduced humidity, but there are few empirical/experimental studies to validate this claim. It is not clear if relatively higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency will persist in the face of reduced soil moisture, and how the relation between these benefits might change. Here, we present a relatively simple framework for analyzing this situation. We propose a relative multicrop resistance (RMR) index that captures all possible scenarios of absolute and relative multicrop overyield under water stress. We dissect the ecological components of RMR to understand the relation between higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency and the ecological causes of different overyield scenarios. We demonstrate the use of this framework with data from a 128 microplot greenhouse experiment with small annual crops, arranged as seven-species multicrops and their corresponding monocrops, all under two contrasting watering regimes. We applied simple but robust statistical procedures to resulting data (based on bootstrap methods) to compare RMR, and its components, between different plants/plant parts. We also provide simple graphical tools to analyze the data.

 

Keywords: agroecosystem sustainability     crop overyielding     intercrop drought resistance     overyield ecological components    

Strategy on the Development of Energy “Golden Triangle” Erea

The Research Group of “Strategic Research on the Development of Energy ‘Golden Triangle’ Erea”

Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 9,   Pages 18-28

Abstract: This paper elaborates the regional developing situation and comparative advantages on the development

Keywords: energy “golden triangle”     comparative advantage     strategic opportunity     ecosystem     sustainable development    

Taking advantage of drug resistance, a new approach in the war on cancer

Liqin Wang, Rene Bernards

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 490-495 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0647-7

Abstract: combinations that are designed to avoid drug resistance, we discuss here therapeutic approaches that take advantage

Keywords: cancer     drug resistance     genetic screens     senescence     targeted therapy    

Status Quo of International Cooperation in Competitive Industries and Manufacturing in the Six Economic Corridors along the Belt and Road

Tang Yongchuan,Pan Yunhe, Zhang Xue, Hang Jiangjie

Strategic Study of CAE 2019, Volume 21, Issue 4,   Pages 60-68 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.04.003

Abstract: Database, this paper focuses on the six economic corridors of the Belt and Road, and uses the revealed comparativeadvantage index to comprehensively analyze the comparative industries in these countries.

Keywords: the Belt and Road,manufacturing,six economic corridors,revealed comparative advantage index,multidimensional    

EXPLORING THE RELATIVE ADVANTAGES OF LOCAL INNOVATION IN AGROFORESTRY

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 61-72 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022476

Abstract:

● Promotion of local sustainable innovation developed by forest farmers.

Keywords: agroforestry     forest farmers     local innovation     relative advantage     social forestry    

The Development and Comparative Analysis of Engineering Project Management Modes

Ji-wei Zhu,Li-nan Zhou,Ming-yuan Yu,Zhao Zhai

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2015, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 351-358 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015060

Abstract: These have led to comparative analysis and brief commentary.

Keywords: engineering projects     management mode     comparative analysis     development trend    

Comparative lipidomic analysis of

Bin QIAO, Hong-Chi TIAN, Ying-Jin YUAN

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 461-469 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1223-3

Abstract: A comparative lipidomic method was used to investigate the changes in total cellular PLs during continuous

Keywords: lipidomics     systems biology     phospholipids     stirred-tank     saccharomyces cerevisiae     biorefinery engineering    

Last Planner System and Scrum: Comparative analysis and suggestions for adjustments

Roshan POUDEL, Borja GARCIA de SOTO, Eder MARTINEZ

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 359-372 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0117-1

Abstract: A comparative analysis is conducted between LPS and Scrum to expand LPS by considering Scrum’s best practices

Keywords: Lean Construction     Last Planner System     Agile     Scrum     comparative analysis     AEC projects     project teams    

Layer-like FAU-type zeolites: A comparative view on different preparation routes

Bastian Reiprich, Tobias Weissenberger, Wilhelm Schwieger, Alexandra Inayat

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2,   Pages 127-142 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1883-3

Abstract: The creation of intergrown layer-like zeolite crystals is one route to form hierarchical zeolites. Faujasite-type (FAU-type) zeolites are among the industrially most important zeolites and the implementation of hierarchical porosity is a promising way to optimise their catalytic and adsorptive performance. After a short general survey into routes for the preparation of hierarchical pore systems in FAU, we will review the currently existing strategies for the synthesis of FAU with layer-like morphology. Those strategies are mainly based on the presence of morphology modifying agents in the synthesis mixture. However, a very recent approach is the synthesis of layer-like FAU-type zeolite crystals assembled in an intergrown manner in the absence of such additives, just by finely adjusting the crystallization temperature. This additive-free preparation route for layer-like FAU, which appears very attractive from an ecological as well as economic point of view, is highlighted in this review. Concluding, a comparison, including powder X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen physisorption and elemental analysis, between conventional FAU and three layer-like FAU obtained by different synthesis routes was carried out to show the structural, morphological and textural differences and similarities of these materials.

Keywords: FAU     hierarchical zeolite     layer-like morphology    

Robotic distal pancreatectomy versus conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: a comparative study

Eric C. H. Lai,Chung Ngai Tang

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 356-360 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0404-0

Abstract:

Robotic system has been increasingly used in pancreatectomy. However, the effectiveness of this method remains uncertain. This study compared the surgical outcomes between robot-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy and conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. During a 15-year period, 35 patients underwent minimally invasive approach of distal pancreatectomy in our center. Seventeen of these patients had robot-assisted laparoscopic approach, and the remaining 18 had conventional laparoscopic approach. Their operative parameters and perioperative outcomes were analyzed retrospectively in a prospective database. The mean operating time in the robotic group (221.4 min) was significantly longer than that in the laparoscopic group (173.6 min) (P = 0.026). Both robotic and conventional laparoscopic groups presented no significant difference in spleen-preservation rate (52.9% vs. 38.9%) (P = 0.505), operative blood loss (100.3 ml vs. 268.3 ml) (P = 0.29), overall morbidity rate (47.1% vs. 38.9%) (P = 0.73), and post-operative hospital stay (11.4 days vs. 14.2 days) (P = 0.46). Both groups also showed no perioperative mortality. Similar outcomes were observed in robotic distal pancreatectomy and conventional laparoscopic approach. However, robotic approach tended to have the advantages of less blood loss and shorter hospital stay. Further studies are necessary to determine the clinical position of robotic distal pancreatectomy.

Keywords: distal pancreatectomy     pancreatic neoplasm     robotic surgery    

Comparative transcriptomics revealed enhanced light responses, energy transport and storage in domestication

Zhiqiang XIA,Xin CHEN,Cheng LU,Meiling ZOU,Shujuan WANG,Yang ZHANG,Kun PAN,Xincheng ZHOU,Haiyan WANG,Wenquan WANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 295-307 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016126

Abstract: Cassava is a staple food, feed and bioenergy crop important to the world especially in the tropics. Domesticated cassava is characterized by powerful carbohydrate accumulation but its wild progenitor is not. Here, we investigated the transcriptional differences of eight cDNA libraries derived from developing leaf, stem and storage root of cassava cv. Arg7 and an ancestor line, W14, using next generation sequencing system. A total of 41302 assembled transcripts were obtained and from these, 25961 transcripts with FPKM≥3 in at least one library were named the expressed genes. A total of 2117, 1963 and 3584 transcripts were found to be differentially expressed in leaf, stem and storage root (150 d after planting), respectively, between Arg7 and W14 and ascribed to 103, 93 and 119 important pathways in leaf, stem and storage root, respectively. The highlight of this work is that the genes involved in light response, such as those for photosystem I (PSA) and photosystem II (PSB), other genes involved in light harvesting, and some of the genes in the Calvin cycle of carbon fixation were specially upregulated in leaf. Genes for transport and also for key rate-limiting enzymes (PFK, PGK and PK, GAPDH) coupling ATP consumption in glycolysis pathway were predominantly expressed in stem, and genes for sucrose degradation (INVs), amylose synthesis (GBSS) and hydrolysis (RCP1, AMYs), the three key steps of starch metabolism, and transport associated with energy translocation (ABC, AVPs and ATPase) and their upstream transcription factors had enhanced expression in storage root in domesticated cassava. Co-expression networks among the pathways in each organs revealed the relationship of the genes involved, and uncovered some of the important hub genes and transcription factors targeting genes for photosynthesis, transportation and starch biosynthesis.

Keywords: cassava     comparative transcriptomics     energy transport     photosynthesis     starch synthesis    

The current phosphate recycling situation in China and Germany: a comparative review

Qing XUE, Xinyue HE, Saskia D. SACHS, Gero C. BECKER, Tao ZHANG, Andrea KRUSE

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 403-418 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019287

Abstract:

Phosphorus (P) is an indispensable element for organisms but the primary source of P—mineral phosphate resources—are non-renewable. Agricultural production has a high demand for fossil phosphate resources, but the resulting phosphate-rich residues are lack of management. This leads to rapid reserves depletion and severe phosphate pollution risks. One sustainable way is to reuse the phosphate dispersed in various residues such as sewage sludge and livestock manure. Diverse techniques have emerged to recover phosphate from wastes to close the phosphate cycle. While it is a global issue, the regional situations regarding potential phosphate scarcity and its management differ strongly. China is rich in phosphate resources, but over-exploitation has greatly increased the risk of phosphate rocks depletion, while in Germany the P resources depend on imports, but there is commitment to keep a balance between import and utilization. This had led to great differences in the way the two countries deal with the “re-use” of phosphate in waste. China is now in a transition phase from the simple terminal pollution control to “waste” reuse and nutrient resources recycling. One sign of this tendency is the mandatory garbage classification and preparation for further processing and recycling. This was first implemented in Shanghai in 2019, whereas Germany has been following the legal framework for waste management since the 19th century. There are a series of laws to control the nutrient loss from municipal and agricultural activities, as for instance with sewage sludge ordinance and fertilizer legislation. Many of these laws have been newly revised recently. Sewage sludge cannot be directly utilized on farmland as organic fertilizer any more. Alternatively, phosphate and other nutrients should be recovered from sewage sludge. Advanced phosphate recovery technologies and related nutrient recycling schemes are proceeding. This review summarizes the current situation of phosphate-containing residues management and phosphate reuse in China and Germany. The state legislation and policies, which would affect the phosphate recycling concept are presented as well. As there are various kinds of phosphate-containing residues, different phosphate recovery technologies can be applied. Those technologies are discussed from their mechanism and suitability.

Keywords: phosphate recovery     manure     sewage sludge     ordinances     technologies    

International Comparative Study on the Setting of Medical Specialty Catalogue and Countermeasures

Yu Zhongguang, Zhang Pengjun, Zhang Zhixin, Wang Chen

Strategic Study of CAE 2020, Volume 22, Issue 1,   Pages 139-145 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.018

Abstract:

The medical specialty catalogue is of great significance for promoting the development of the medical discipline and cultivating qualified medical talents; therefore, a comprehensive and scientific medical specialty catalogue becomes even more important in the context of constructing first-class disciplines in colleges and universities. To promote the progressive development of medical disciplines in China, this research sorted out the medical specialty category by literature analysis, and systematically compared the features and category of medical specialty among the U.S. and the U.K. and China. Several major problems are raised as follow: non-uniform medical specialty and sub-specialty category, outdated arrangement of specialties in quantities and content, premature entry into sub-specialty training, inconsistent categories with standardized residential training, etc. To tackle the problems above, this research suggests that the medical specialty category should be in track with global standard, unified with interdisciplinary approach,and standardized admission and exit criteria be set up, which will prepare future qualified health professionals and promote the advancement of medical disciplines.

Keywords: medicine     specialty catalogue     clinical medicine     comparative analysis    

A comparative study of electroacupuncture at Zhongliao (BL33) and other acupoints for overactive bladder

Likun Yang,Yang Wang,Qian Mo,Zhishun Liu

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 129-136 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0491-6

Abstract:

Electroacupuncture (EA) at Zhongliao (BL33) can improve the symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB), such as urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence. However, its performance compared with other acupoints remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of EA at BL33 with deep needling on rats with OAB by detecting urodynamics in eight groups: no intervention group, D-BL33 group (deep needling at BL33), S-BL33 group (shallow needling at BL33), non-acupoint group (needling at the non-acupoint next to BL33), Weizhong (BL40) group, Sanyinjiao (SP6) group, Tongtian (BL7) group, and Hegu (LI4) group. Results revealed that EA at BL33 with deep needling, BL40, and SP6 prolonged the intercontraction interval (ICI) of rats with OAB (P=0.001, P=0.005, P=0.046, respectively, post-treatment vs. post-modeling). Furthermore, the change in ICI from post-modeling in the D-BL33 group was significantly greater than those of the no intervention and other EA groups (all P<0.01). Significantly shortened vesical micturition time (VMT) and elevated maximum detrusor pressure (MDP) were also observed in the D-BL33 group (P=0.017 and P=0.024, respectively, post-treatment vs. post-modeling). However, no statistically significant differences in the changes of VMT and MDP from post-modeling were observed between D-BL33 and the other EA groups. In conclusion, EA at BL33 with deep needling may inhibit acetic-acid-induced OAB more effectively.

Keywords: overactive bladder     electroacupuncture     acupuncture points    

An autonomous miniature wheeled robot based on visual feedback control

CHEN Haichu

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2007, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 197-200 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0033-7

Abstract: The robot takes advantage of the Bluetooth technology to wirelessly transmit data at a short distance

Keywords: measuring     distance     autonomous locomotion     advantage     navigation    

Title Author Date Type Operation

HOW MULTISPECIES INTERCROP ADVANTAGE RESPONDS TO WATER STRESS: A YIELD-COMPONENT ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

Journal Article

Strategy on the Development of Energy “Golden Triangle” Erea

The Research Group of “Strategic Research on the Development of Energy ‘Golden Triangle’ Erea”

Journal Article

Taking advantage of drug resistance, a new approach in the war on cancer

Liqin Wang, Rene Bernards

Journal Article

Status Quo of International Cooperation in Competitive Industries and Manufacturing in the Six Economic Corridors along the Belt and Road

Tang Yongchuan,Pan Yunhe, Zhang Xue, Hang Jiangjie

Journal Article

EXPLORING THE RELATIVE ADVANTAGES OF LOCAL INNOVATION IN AGROFORESTRY

Journal Article

The Development and Comparative Analysis of Engineering Project Management Modes

Ji-wei Zhu,Li-nan Zhou,Ming-yuan Yu,Zhao Zhai

Journal Article

Comparative lipidomic analysis of

Bin QIAO, Hong-Chi TIAN, Ying-Jin YUAN

Journal Article

Last Planner System and Scrum: Comparative analysis and suggestions for adjustments

Roshan POUDEL, Borja GARCIA de SOTO, Eder MARTINEZ

Journal Article

Layer-like FAU-type zeolites: A comparative view on different preparation routes

Bastian Reiprich, Tobias Weissenberger, Wilhelm Schwieger, Alexandra Inayat

Journal Article

Robotic distal pancreatectomy versus conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: a comparative study

Eric C. H. Lai,Chung Ngai Tang

Journal Article

Comparative transcriptomics revealed enhanced light responses, energy transport and storage in domestication

Zhiqiang XIA,Xin CHEN,Cheng LU,Meiling ZOU,Shujuan WANG,Yang ZHANG,Kun PAN,Xincheng ZHOU,Haiyan WANG,Wenquan WANG

Journal Article

The current phosphate recycling situation in China and Germany: a comparative review

Qing XUE, Xinyue HE, Saskia D. SACHS, Gero C. BECKER, Tao ZHANG, Andrea KRUSE

Journal Article

International Comparative Study on the Setting of Medical Specialty Catalogue and Countermeasures

Yu Zhongguang, Zhang Pengjun, Zhang Zhixin, Wang Chen

Journal Article

A comparative study of electroacupuncture at Zhongliao (BL33) and other acupoints for overactive bladder

Likun Yang,Yang Wang,Qian Mo,Zhishun Liu

Journal Article

An autonomous miniature wheeled robot based on visual feedback control

CHEN Haichu

Journal Article